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Electricity Outage Frequency Statistics: U.S. State Comparisons

EIA SAIFI statistics compare U.S. distribution-system interruption frequency in 2024 and 2025, including results with major event days included and excluded.

November 12, 2026 8 min read hydrogenenginecenter.com Editorial Team

Contents

Electricity outage frequency statistics: U.S. interruption-frequency measures

Electricity outage frequency statistics often use the System Average Interruption Frequency Index, or SAIFI. The Energy Information Administration defines SAIFI as the number of non-momentary electric interruptions per year experienced by the average customer. It is a distribution-system reliability measure: it describes interruption frequency for an average customer in the reporting population, not the total number of outages in the country and not the experience of every individual household.

EIA’s national reliability table reports 2025 U.S. distribution-system SAIFI under more than one reporting approach. Using IEEE reporting and including major event days, the figure was 1.34 times per year. Under IEEE reporting without major event days, it was 1.08 times per year. The same table’s Any Method series reports 1.338 times per year with major events included and 1.053 times per year without major events. The table labels those reporting categories separately, so the figures should be read with their method and event treatment attached.

For comparison, the 2024 U.S. IEEE all-event SAIFI was 1.531 times per year, while the IEEE figure without major event days was 1.065 times per year. These are annual values for the U.S. distribution system. The reported 2024 and 2025 figures make clear that a headline frequency depends on whether major event days are counted and on which reporting series is being cited; they do not by themselves explain why the values differ.

YearIEEE, all eventsIEEE, without major event daysAny Method, all eventsAny Method, without major events
20241.5311.065——
20251.341.081.3381.053

SAIFI is measured in times per year. Dashes indicate that the cited national table observations here do not include those 2024 Any Method values. EIA, Table 11.1: Reliability Metrics of U.S. Distribution System

EIA’s source notes place these measures in the context of Form EIA-861, the Annual Electric Power Industry Report. The figures therefore represent reported U.S. distribution-system metrics, not an independently counted list of every interruption. IEEE in these tables refers to IEEE 1366-2003 or IEEE 1366-2012. The national table presents distinct columns for IEEE and Any Method reporting, so comparisons should retain those labels rather than treating all entries as a single interchangeable series. EIA, Table 11.1: Reliability Metrics of U.S. Distribution System

Electricity outage frequency statistics by state in New England and the Middle Atlantic

The 2025 state figures show variation within New England and the Middle Atlantic under IEEE all-event reporting. Maine recorded 2.24 interruptions per average customer per year, and Vermont recorded 2.06. New Hampshire and New Jersey each reported 1.12. New York’s value was 1.405, while Pennsylvania’s was 1.424. Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island had values below 1 interruption per year: 0.935, 0.909, and 0.96, respectively.

These values are all reported on the same stated basis—IEEE SAIFI with major event days included—and are expressed in times per year. The differences describe the reported state distribution-system averages for 2025. They do not establish that every customer in a state experienced that number of interruptions, nor do the figures identify the specific conditions behind any state’s result.

State2025 IEEE SAIFI, all events (times per year)
Maine2.24
Vermont2.06
New Hampshire1.12
New Jersey1.12
New York1.405
Pennsylvania1.424
Connecticut0.935
Massachusetts0.909
Rhode Island0.96

EIA, Table 11.5: SAIFI Values (Times Per Year) of U.S. Distribution System by State, 2015–2025

Electricity outage frequency statistics across central and southern states

The selected central and southern state observations span values below and above 1 interruption per average customer per year in 2025. Among the states listed here, Illinois reported 0.872, Wisconsin 0.987, and Florida 0.836 under IEEE all-event reporting. Iowa’s reported value was 1.141; Minnesota’s was 1.176; North Dakota’s was 1.186; and Michigan’s was 1.418. Other central state results included 1.275 for Ohio, 1.309 for Kansas, 1.322 for Nebraska, 1.335 for South Dakota, and 1.372 for Missouri. Indiana reported 1.391.

The southern observations include 1.843 times per year for Georgia, 1.918 for Alabama, 1.862 for Kentucky, and 2.502 for Mississippi. West Virginia’s reported value was 3.082. Each figure is a state-level SAIFI value for 2025, using IEEE reporting with major event days included. The list is a set of state observations, not a regional average; no regional aggregate is inferred from these entries.

State2025 IEEE SAIFI, all events (times per year)
Illinois0.872
Indiana1.391
Michigan1.418
Ohio1.275
Wisconsin0.987
Iowa1.141
Kansas1.309
Minnesota1.176
Missouri1.372
Nebraska1.322
North Dakota1.186
South Dakota1.335
Florida0.836
Georgia1.843
West Virginia3.082
Alabama1.918
Kentucky1.862
Mississippi2.502

EIA, Table 11.5: SAIFI Values (Times Per Year) of U.S. Distribution System by State, 2015–2025

Electricity outage frequency statistics across western states

The 2025 IEEE all-event SAIFI values in the selected western states range from 0.865 times per year in Utah to 1.514 in Wyoming. Arizona reported 0.881, and Colorado reported 1.286. Idaho’s figure was 1.158; Montana’s was 1.335; Nevada’s was 1.125; and New Mexico’s was 1.201. As elsewhere in the state comparison, these are non-momentary interruption frequencies per average customer, reported as times per year.

The state figures allow a same-year, same-method comparison, but they do not function as a measure of outage duration or total customers affected. SAIFI counts interruption frequency in its defined average-customer framework. It does not say how long interruptions lasted. The listed western values should therefore be understood as one reliability dimension and not as a complete account of electric service quality.

State2025 IEEE SAIFI, all events (times per year)
Arizona0.881
Colorado1.286
Idaho1.158
Montana1.335
Nevada1.125
New Mexico1.201
Utah0.865
Wyoming1.514

EIA, Table 11.5: SAIFI Values (Times Per Year) of U.S. Distribution System by State, 2015–2025

Electricity outage frequency statistics with major event days excluded

Major event day treatment is important when interpreting interruption-frequency statistics. In the national 2025 IEEE series, U.S. SAIFI was 1.34 times per year with all events included and 1.08 without major event days. The state table also reports an IEEE figure without major event days: the U.S. Total was 1.08 times per year. The Any Method U.S. Total without major events was 1.053 times per year. These national observations come from separate EIA tables and use the indicated reporting labels.

For selected states, the 2025 IEEE SAIFI without major event days was 1.834 times per year in Maine, 1.438 in Georgia, and 0.758 in Florida. Hawaii’s value on this basis was 2.36. New England as a census division recorded 0.866 times per year, while Vermont reported 1.45. These examples show why all-event and without-major-event results should not be blended: the event inclusion rule is part of the definition attached to the reported value.

Geography2025 IEEE SAIFI without major event days (times per year)
U.S. Total1.08
New England census division0.866
Maine1.834
Vermont1.45
Georgia1.438
Florida0.758
Hawaii2.36

For IEEE reporting, EIA describes major event days using a daily SAIDI threshold called Tmed, calculated from daily SAIDI values over the prior 5 years. For non-IEEE utilities, the source note says utilities self-determine major events. This distinction helps explain the reporting framework, but the listed values alone do not show how any particular event was classified. EIA, Table 11.5: SAIFI Values (Times Per Year) of U.S. Distribution System by State, 2015–2025 EIA, Table 11.1: Reliability Metrics of U.S. Distribution System

Electricity outage frequency statistics: 2024 state comparisons

The 2024 state observations provide a comparison year for several locations with notably different reported values. Hawaii’s IEEE all-event SAIFI was 4.39 times per year, and Maine’s was 3.636. Florida reported 1.784, while Georgia reported 2.104. In New England, Connecticut’s value was 0.877 and Massachusetts’s was 0.852. All figures in this section are 2024 state distribution-system values under IEEE reporting with major event days included.

The 2024 figures belong to their own reporting year and should not be read as current-year results. They also should not be directly substituted for the 2025 observations elsewhere in this article: year and event treatment both matter to a like-for-like interpretation. The source table supplies the 2024 SAIFI observations; it does not, by itself, establish a cause for differences among these states or between years.

State2024 IEEE SAIFI, all events (times per year)
Hawaii4.39
Maine3.636
Georgia2.104
Florida1.784
Connecticut0.877
Massachusetts0.852

EIA, Table 11.5: SAIFI Values (Times Per Year) of U.S. Distribution System by State, 2015–2025

Sources

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